Chapter 3: Metals and Non-Metals
Chapter 3: Metals and Non-Metals Class X Science - Student Support Material Physical Properties of Metals and Non-Metals Property Metals Non-Metals State of Existence Solids at room temperature (Exception: Mercury is liquid). Exist in all three states (Solid, Liquid, Gas). Lustre Shiny appearance. Dull appearance (Exception: Iodine crystals have bright lustre). Hardness Generally hard (Exceptions: Na, K are soft; Hg is liquid). Not very hard (Diamond is the hardest natural substance). Sonority Sonorous (produce sound when struck). Non-sonorous. Malleability Malleable (can be beaten into thin sheets). Not malleable; brittle (break into powder). Ductility Ductile (can be drawn into thin wires). Non-ductile. Electrical Conductivity Good conductors. Poor conductors (Exception: Graphite). Melting Point High melting point (Exceptions: Gallium and Caesium melt on palm). Low melting point (Exception: Diamond). Chemical Properties of Metals and Non-Metals 1. Reaction with Oxygen Metals: Form basic oxides.
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