Chemistry in Everyday Life - MCQs with Explanations

1. The common pain killer which causes minute ulcers or bleeding in the stomach, and should not be taken empty stomach is

• (a) aspirin
• (b) ibuprofen
• (c) naproxen
• (d) diclofenac.

Correct Answer: (a),

Explanation: Aspirin is absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract where it is hydrolysed to salicylic acid, which can cause ulcers and bleeding in the stomach.

2. Antiseptics are different from disinfectants as

• (a) antiseptics merely inhibit the growth and disinfectants kill the microorganisms
• (b) antiseptics are used against microorganisms while disinfectants are used against insects
• (c) antiseptics are used only over skin while disinfectants can be taken orally also
• (d) antiseptics are used over living tissues while disinfectants can not be used over living tissues.

Correct Answer: (d),

Explanation: Antiseptics and disinfectants both inhibit and kill microorganisms, but disinfectants are not safe to apply over living tissues.

3. Which of the following is an antihistamine drug?

• (a) Chloropheniramine
• (b) Ciprofloxacin
• (c) Chloramphenicol
• (d) Chloroquine

Correct Answer: (a),

Explanation: Chloropheniramine is an antihistamine; Ciprofloxacin and Chloramphenicol are antibiotics, and Chloroquine is an antimalarial.

4. Detergents are prepared by the action of $H_{2}SO_{4}$ followed by neutralization by starting with

• (a) cholesterol
• (b) lauryl alcohol
• (c) cyclohexanol
• (d) p-nitrophenol.

Correct Answer: (b),

Explanation: Detergents can be obtained by the sulphonation of lauryl alcohol followed by neutralisation.

5. Which of the following is an antidiabetic drug?

• (a) Insulin
• (b) Penicillin
• (c) Chloroquine
• (d) Aspirin

Correct Answer: (a),

Explanation: Insulin is a well-known antidiabetic drug used to regulate blood sugar levels.

6. Which one of the following is a bacteriostatic drug?

• (a) Aminoglycosides
• (b) Tetracycline
• (c) Ofloxacin
• (d) Ampicillin

Correct Answer: (b),

Explanation: Except tetracycline (which is bacteriostatic), the other listed drugs (Aminoglycosides, Ofloxacin, and Ampicillin) are bactericidal.

7. To maintain the platability and wholesomeness of food some of the preservatives are used. The cucumber is coated from wax to preserve it. The wax acts as

• (a) antifungal
• (b) antibacterial
• (c) antioxidants
• (d) antimicrobial.

Correct Answer: (c),

Explanation: To protect cucumber from sunlight and oxygen (the main factors for oxidation and spoilage), it is coated with wax which acts as an antioxidant.

8. Match the list I with list II: A. Iodoform, B. Methyl salicylate, C. Diethyl ether, D. Hexachlorocyclohexane. List II: p. Anaesthetic, q. Antiseptic, r. Insecticide, t. Pain balm.

• (a) A-q; B-t; C-r; D-s
• (b) A-s; B-q; C-p; D-r
• (c) A-q; B-t; C-p; D-r
• (d) A-r; B-p; C-s; D-q

Correct Answer: (c),

Explanation: Iodoform is an antiseptic (A-q); Methyl salicylate is used in pain balms (B-t); Diethyl ether is an anaesthetic (C-p); Hexachlorocyclohexane is an insecticide (D-r).

9. An antibiotic, contains nitro group attached to benzene nucleus in its structure, is

• (a) chloramphenicol
• (b) penicillin
• (c) tetracycline
• (d) streptomycin.

Correct Answer: (a),

Explanation: Chloramphenicol is the antibiotic that contains a nitro group attached to a benzene nucleus.

10. A substance which can act both as an antiseptic and disinfectant is

• (a) aspirin
• (b) phenol
• (c) analgin
• (d) sodium pentothal.

Correct Answer: (b),

Explanation: Phenol can act as an antiseptic in low concentrations (0.2%) and as a disinfectant in higher concentrations (1%).

11. LSD (Lysergic acid diethylamide) is

• (a) sweetening agent
• (b) synthetic fibre
• (c) psychedelic drug
• (d) antibiotic.

Correct Answer: (c),

Explanation: LSD is classified as a psychedelic drug due to its effects on perception and mood.

12. Hydrazine as a drug is used in the treatment of

• (a) malaria
• (b) typhoid
• (c) cholera
• (d) tuberculosis.

Correct Answer: (d),

Explanation: Hydrazine derivatives are utilized in the medical treatment of tuberculosis.

13. Match List I: A. Oxyhaemoglobin, B. Aspirin, C. Haemoglobin, D. Chlorophyll. List II: i. Analgesic, ii. Oxygen carriers, iii. Photosynthesis, v. $Fe^{2+}$ paramagnetic.

• (a) A-v; B-i; C-ii; D-iii
• (b) A-iv; B-ii; C-i; D-iii
• (c) A-iii; B-i; C-ii; D-iv
• (d) A-v; B-ii; C-iii; D-i

Correct Answer: (a),

Explanation: Oxyhaemoglobin contains paramagnetic $Fe^{2+}$ (A-v); Aspirin is an analgesic (B-i); Haemoglobin acts as an oxygen carrier (C-ii); Chlorophyll is essential for photosynthesis (D-iii).

14. Butylated hydroxy toluene as a food additive acts as

• (a) antioxidant
• (b) flavouring agent
• (c) colouring agent
• (d) emulsifier.

Correct Answer: (a)

Explanation: Butylated hydroxy toluene (BHT) is a common food additive used as an antioxidant to prevent spoilage.

15. Arsenic drugs are mainly used in the treatment of

• (a) jaundice
• (b) typhoid
• (c) syphilis
• (d) cholera.

Correct Answer: (c)

Explanation: Historically, arsenic-based drugs (like Salvarsan) were used primarily for the treatment of syphilis.

16. Chloramine-T is a/an

• (a) disinfectant
• (b) antiseptic
• (c) analgesic
• (d) antipyretic.

Correct Answer: (b)

Explanation: Chloramine-T is used medically as an antiseptic.

17. Which of the following is a hypnotic drug?

• (a) Luminal
• (b) Salol
• (c) Catechol
• (d) Chemisol

Correct Answer: (a)

Explanation: Luminal (phenobarbital) is a barbiturate derivative used as a hypnotic and sedative.

18. Interferon is

• (a) tonic
• (b) protein
• (c) carbohydrate
• (d) ore of iron.

Correct Answer: (b),

Explanation: Interferons are a family of naturally occurring proteins that boost the resistance of cells to viral attacks.

19. Which one of the following is a vat dye?

• (a) Alizarin
• (b) Indigo
• (c) Malachite green
• (d) Methyl orange

Correct Answer: (b),

Explanation: Vat dyes like indigo are insoluble compounds that are reduced to a soluble leuco form during the dyeing process.

20. The structure of Bithional serves as a/an

• (a) disinfectant
• (b) antibiotic
• (c) antiseptic
• (d) analgesic.

Correct Answer: (c),

Explanation: Bithional is added to soaps to provide antiseptic properties.

21. The provided structure [in source] is known as

• (a) penicillin G
• (b) penicillin V
• (c) penicillin K
• (d) chloramphenicol.

Correct Answer: (a),

Explanation: The chemical structure described in the source corresponds to Penicillin-G.

22. Which of the following is used for inducing sleep?

• (a) Paracetamol
• (b) Chloroquine
• (c) Bithional
• (d) Barbituric acid derivatives

Correct Answer: (d),

Explanation: Barbituric acid derivatives (barbiturates) are sleep-inducing (hypnotic) drugs.

23. Assuming the sweetness of cane sugar to be 10, the sweetness of glucose is

• (a) 12
• (b) 7.5
• (c) 15
• (d) 5

Correct Answer: (b),

Explanation: Glucose is approximately 75% as sweet as cane sugar; thus, relative to 10, its value is 7.5.

24. IUPAC name of alizarin is

• (a) 2,3-dihydroxyphenanthraquinone
• (b) 1,4-dihydroxyphenanthraquinone
• (c) 1,2-dihydroxyphenanthraquinone
• (d) 1,2-dihydroxyanthraquinone.

Correct Answer: (d),

Explanation: The systematic IUPAC name for alizarin is 1,2-dihydroxyanthraquinone.

25. Which one of the following is employed as a tranquilizer drug?

• (a) Promethazine
• (b) Valium
• (c) Naproxen
• (d) Mifepristone

Correct Answer: (b),

Explanation: Valium (diazepam) is a commonly used tranquilizer for treating anxiety.

26. Which of the following is not an artificial sweetener?

• (a) Sucralose
• (b) Alitame
• (c) Saccharin
• (d) Sucrose.

Correct Answer: (d),

Explanation: Sucrose is a natural sugar and common tabletop sweetener, not a synthetic artificial sweetener.

27. Antiseptic action of Dettol is due to

• (a) chloramphenicol
• (b) chloroxylenol
• (c) bithional
• (d) anti-histamine.

Correct Answer: (b),

Explanation: The active antiseptic component in Dettol is chloroxylenol (mixed with terpineol).

28. Which of the following is a narcotic analgesic?

• (a) Aspirin
• (b) Morphine
• (c) Paracetamol
• (d) Naproxen.

Correct Answer: (b),

Explanation: Morphine is a narcotic analgesic that relieves severe pain and can induce sleep or addiction.

29. Equanil is an example of

• (a) artificial sweeteners
• (b) tranquilizers
• (c) antihistamines
• (d) antifertility drugs.

Correct Answer: (b),

Explanation: Equanil is used as a tranquilizer to control depression and hypertension.

30. Name of the drug whose structure given [in source] is

• (a) chloramphenicol
• (b) vancomycin
• (c) penicillin
• (d) ofloxacin.

Correct Answer: (c),

Explanation: The general structure provided represents the core of the penicillin group of antibiotics.

31. Drugs which bind to the receptor site and inhibit its natural function are called

• (a) agonist
• (b) antagonist
• (c) enzymes
• (d) chemical messengers.

Correct Answer: (b),

Explanation: Antagonists are drugs that block the receptor site, preventing natural messengers from binding and functioning.

32. Glycerol is added to soap. It functions

• (a) as a filler
• (b) to increase leathering
• (c) to prevent rapid drying
• (d) to make soap granules.

Correct Answer: (c),

Explanation: In shaving soaps, glycerol is added to prevent the soap from drying out too quickly on the skin.

33. Drugs which bind strongly to the active site of an enzyme and does not depend upon concentration of natural substrate are called as

• (a) competitive inhibitors
• (b) non-competitive inhibitors
• (c) $\beta$-blockers
• (d) $\alpha$-blockers.

Correct Answer: (b),

Explanation: Non-competitive inhibitors bind so strongly (often at an allosteric site) that the natural substrate cannot displace them.

34. Types of drugs that mimic the natural messenger by switching on the receptor are called

• (a) antagonists
• (b) chemical messengers
• (c) receptors
• (d) agonists.

Correct Answer: (d),

Explanation: Agonists are drugs that act like natural chemical messengers by activating the receptor.

35. The site in an enzyme which alter its active site upon drug binding is known as

• (a) target site
• (b) active site
• (c) allosteric site
• (d) binding site.

Correct Answer: (c),

Explanation: Binding at an allosteric site changes the shape of the enzyme's active site, preventing the substrate from recognizing it.

36. Which of the following is used as an antifertility drug?

• (a) Diazepam
• (b) Novestrol
• (c) Mescaline
• (d) Seconal.

Correct Answer: (b),

Explanation: Novestrol (ethynylestradiol) is a synthetic estrogen used in antifertility pills.

37. Which of the following drugs is not an antihistamine?

• (a) Seldane
• (b) Dimetapp
• (c) Meprobamate
• (d) Cimetidine.

Correct Answer: (c),

Explanation: Meprobamate is a tranquilizer used for anxiety, not an antihistamine.

38. Consider the following statements: (I) Antibiotics which kill microorganisms are bactericidal; (II) Antibiotics which inhibit growth are bacteriostatic; (III) Penicillin is broad spectrum. Correct statements are:

• (a) (II) and (III)
• (b) (I), (II) and (III)
• (c) (I) and (II)
• (d) (I) and (III)

Correct Answer: (c),

Explanation: Statements I and II correctly define bactericidal and bacteriostatic. Statement III is false because Penicillin G is a narrow-spectrum antibiotic.

39. An example of cationic detergent is

• (a) sodium laurylsulphate
• (b) cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide
• (c) polyethyleneglycol
• (d) sodium dodecylbenzenesulphonate.

Correct Answer: (b),

Explanation: Cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide is a quaternary ammonium salt, making it a cationic detergent.

40. Drugs which are to be released in a controlled manner in the body are enclosed in a capsule made of the following polymer:

• (a) PGA
• (b) PCL
• (c) PHBV
• (d) None of these.

Correct Answer: (c),

Explanation: PHBV is a biodegradable polymer used for the controlled release of drugs and orthopedic devices.

41. Which of the following is/are a non-hypnotic tranquillizer?

• (a) Chlordiazepoxide
• (b) Meprobamate
• (c) Equanil
• (d) All the three.

Correct Answer: (d),

Explanation: Chlordiazepoxide, Meprobamate, and Equanil are all non-hypnotic tranquilizers used to relieve mild anxiety.

42. Drug which helps to reduce anxiety and brings about calmness is

• (a) tranquilizer
• (b) diuretic
• (c) analgesic
• (d) antihistamine.

Correct Answer: (a),

Explanation: Tranquilizers are drugs used to reduce anxiety, stress, and mental tension.

43. Which of the following can possibly be used as analgesic without causing addiction?

• (a) Morphine
• (b) N-acetyl-para-aminophenol
• (c) Diazepam
• (d) Tetrahydrocannabinol.

Correct Answer: (b),

Explanation: Paracetamol (N-acetyl-para-aminophenol) is a non-narcotic analgesic and is non-addictive.

44. Which of the following is incorrectly matched?

• (a) Aspartame $\rightarrow$ food preservative
• (b) BHT $\rightarrow$ antioxidant
• (c) Saccharin $\rightarrow$ artificial sweetener
• (d) Sodium benzoate $\rightarrow$ preservative

Correct Answer: (a),

Explanation: Aspartame is an artificial sweetener, not a food preservative.

45. Which one of the following types of drugs reduces fever?

• (a) Analgesic
• (b) Antipyretic
• (c) Antibiotic
• (d) Tranquilizer

Correct Answer: (b),

Explanation: Antipyretics are drugs that lower body temperature during a fever to normal.